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Chronic prostatitis: symptoms and treatment

The inflammatory process observed in the prostate tissue for three or more months is called chronic prostatitis.The long course of the disease makes one judge the beginning of the chronic stage.Statistics show that acute and chronic prostatitis often occurs against the background of complicated urethritis.

A distinctive feature of chronic prostatitis is that in 50-70% of cases the disease is not felt by obvious symptoms.Only in 20% of cases do patients describe symptoms that indicate a form of chronic prostatitis.The category of men who only have notes leftindirect symptoms of this disease, not directly related to prostatitis.Both young and middle-aged and elderly men are not immune from chronic prostatitis.

Those who experience a lack of physical activity, are associated with sedentary work, and practice sexual abstinence are prone to prostatitis.Therefore, truck drivers, who spend most of their time behind the wheel, experience the effects of negative factors: hypothermia and congestion in the pelvic organs.Representatives of contact sports and weightlifting are prone to microtrauma of prostate tissue.Men who show low sexual activity become hostages to this unpleasant disease due to the stagnation of prostate secretions.They affect the prostate gland, causing acute and chronic prostatitis, various sexual infections, through blood or lymph fluid.

Types and stages of chronic prostatitis

In urological practice, the following are distinguished:chronic form of prostatitis:

  • Bacteria.The cause of this disease lies in infection or pathogenic bacteria that have penetrated the prostate gland.The most common is chronic prostatitis caused by chlamydia.The danger of this form lies in the possibility of infertility that awaits a man without timely treatment.
  • Bacteria.Non-infectious chronic prostatitis.Diagnosing the real cause is quite problematic.Usually, such prostatitis develops due to the anatomical features of an individual man's prostate.The improper structure of the organ creates increased pressure on the urethra, which leads to frequent urination.Autoimmune diseases can also cause degenerative changes in prostate tissue.
  • Stagnant.Chronic congestive prostatitis develops when the prostate does not empty completely and forms an excessive mass of blood.Stagnation creates an inflammatory response.
  • Persistent pelvic pain syndrome.A man complains of persistent and unrelenting pain in the perineal area.
  • Without symptoms.Chronic prostatitis occurs in a latent form, without causing pain or discomfort, despite the presence of inflammation.

Chronic prostatitis has its own stages of development

  • Level of exudation.Rapid ejaculation and sharp pain in the prostate.
  • Alternate level.Painful sensations are replaced by discomfort, a reduction in the time of sexual intercourse, and frequent urination.
  • Germination stage.The frequency of the urge to go to the toilet increases, but problems with the production of urine appear.
  • Stage of scar change.Sclerosis of healthy prostate tissue occurs.As a result of the morphological transformation, a feeling of heaviness appears in the sacrum and pubic area, the flow of urine becomes weak and the potency decreases.Sensations during orgasm are often vague.

Cause

  • Infection.The source of pathogenic bacteria entering the prostate gland is the blood and lymphatic vessels.Urological diseases and inflammation in the rectum are prerequisites for prostate tissue infection.,Method of infection:
    • Descending- infection enters the gland together with urine, which contains microbes.
    • Increased— The passage of microbes into the prostate starts from the external opening of the urethra.
  • Reduces the protective function of the body.One of the main causes of chronic prostatitis is weak immunity.This is facilitated by hypothermia, frequent stressful situations, poor nutrition, and bad habits.When immunity decreases, the body becomes open to infections that trigger inflammation in the prostate.
  • Poor circulation.A sedentary and sedentary lifestyle is closely related to chronic prostatitis.The male internal organ system suffers from a lack of physical activity: endocrine, cardiovascular, nervous.Blood microcirculation in the pelvis deteriorates, resulting in prostate cell hypoxia.
  • Lack of regular sex life.Both rejection of intimate life and excessive sexual activity lead to prostate problems.Many men with a strong sexual constitution engage in strong sexual activity.From frequent sexual intercourse, their nervous system is tired, hormonal disorders appear and erections gradually weaken.Incomplete sexual intercourse causes great harm to the health of the prostate.
  • Chronic prostate injury.The soft tissue of the prostate, often injured by excessive pressure, shaking and vibration, can periodically become inflamed.
  • Transurethral procedurewithout concurrent antibiotic therapy may cause prostate infection.
  • Urethral catheter, which a man has to live with for some time, also contributes to prostate infection.

Symptoms of chronic prostatitis

Inflammation of prostate tissue in chronic prostatitis

Symptoms of chronic prostatitis vary.Some early signs of chronic prostatitis that draw attention are pain when urinating and impaired sexual function.As a rule, problems in the intimate sphere force a man to seek the help of a doctor.If you feel discomfort and pain in the pelvisdoes not subside for more than three months, then with high probability we can talk about chronic prostatitis.

Most often, the pain syndrome spreads to the perineal area, however, discomfort can be localized in the pubic area and groin.A man complains of pain in the anus, scrotum, and glans penis.Pain radiates to the lumbosacral region.Attacks of pain can cover the inner thighs.Pain in one of the testicles usually does not indicate prostatitis.Complaints of pain after ejaculation are specific to the chronic course of the disease.

Among the common symptoms of chronic prostatitis are increased sweating, feeling cold and trembling in the perineum.Poor circulation in the pelvis can causeto skin discoloration.

Chronic inflammatory processes in the prostate lead to disruption of its tone.In some cases, prostatorrhea develops.With this pathology, spontaneous secretion of the gland occurs, which has nothing to do with stimulation or ejaculation.

With chronic prostatitis, men may observe, especially in the morning, small purulent or clear discharge from the penis.Some patients find white flakes or threads in their urine.A sign of advanced calculus prostatitis is the presence of traces of blood in the semen.

The appearance of sexual dysfunction, simultaneously with a decrease in libido and deterioration in spontaneous erection, is observed by many patients.Keep in mind that the majority of patients experience impotencehas no critical connotations.In the early stages of chronic prostatitis, men experience premature ejaculation, which can become difficult over time.Some patients report a decrease in the intensity of sensations during intercourse.Problems with urination are most often of an irritating nature.

Diagnosis of the biological material of a man with chronic prostatitis reveals quantitative and qualitative violations of the secretion of the prostate gland.Morphological abnormalities in ejaculatory parameters are rarely associated with male infertility.

During remission, most symptoms subside and the pain subsides.Many men calm down, attributing the situation to self-healing.But without proper therapy, the infectious focus in the prostate continues, and during the period of exacerbationsymptoms get worse, persistent low-grade fever.

Disease diagnosis

Diagnosing chronic prostatitis is not difficult for an experienced urologist.The most difficult thing here is most likely to determine the real cause that leads to chronic prostatitis.

To confirm the diagnosisperform the following procedure:

  • Rectal examination using a finger.A digital examination is carried out during a man's initial visit to a urologist.The back of the prostate gland is in contact with the rectum, which makes it possible to assess the state of the prostate when a finger is inserted through the anus.Palpation of the posterior surface of the gland makes it possible to determine the size and shape, as well as the consistency and pain of the inflamed organ.
  • Microscopic examination of prostate secretions.When studying biological material, the laboratory technician may note an increase in the number of leukocytes - this indicates the spread of pathogenic bacteria.
  • Culture of glandular secretionson nutrient medium, bacterial type and antibiotic resistance using RIF and PCR methods.
  • Cystoscopy.An endoscopic imaging system device is inserted into the bladder cavity.This diagnostic method of chronic prostatitis allows us to exclude cancer, cystitis and bladder injury.
  • Ultrasound.The doctor may prescribe an ultrasound examination before starting treatment for acute prostatitis, so as not to miss the formation of an organ abscess.For men with chronic prostatitis, ultrasound is performed to detect stones and cysts, as well as assess the level of urethral pressure.Today, transrectal ultrasound is more effective, where a sensor is inserted into the rectum.
  • Uroflowmetric diagnostic method.In this way, indicators of the urinary process are studied: the duration and speed of urine outflow.Rates above 10–15 ml/s indicate good urethral patency.Indicators below this norm indicate poor patency of the urinary tract caused by chronic prostatitis.

Chronic prostatitis: treatment

Each clinical case requiresselection of individual treatment regimens.When choosing a therapeutic model, the cause of the disease, the duration of the course and the presence of aggravating factors are taken into account.

Drug treatment:

  • Antibiotics.Antibacterial therapy is only indicated in cases of prostate infection with bacterial agents that have been identified in prostate secretions or urine.Antibiotics from the fluoroquinolone group are prescribed.Treatment lasts from two to eight weeks.After a course of antibiotics, the full extent of symptoms often remains, provided the infectious factor has been eliminated.
  • Alpha blockersprescribed to men to reduce bladder muscle hypertonicity and stabilize intraurethral pressure.They are not effective if the patient has a muscle innervation disorder and has pelvic floor muscular dystrophy.
  • Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.Helps relieve pain syndrome.
  • Selective antidepressants.Prescribed to men to improve their emotional background, relieve anxiety and self-doubt.
  • Hormonal drugs.Antiandrogens and androgens are used to adjust hormone levels.
  • Immunostimulating drugs.Prescribed for proven immunodeficiency.
  • Regulates uric acid levels.The appointment is justified if there is sand and stones in the prostate gland.
  • Vitamin complex.

Additional methods for the treatment of chronic prostatitis

Some urologists believe that physical effects on the prostate can significantly reduce the patient's condition.But most of these therapeutic methods have their contraindications, so theyset under certain conditions:

  • Prostate massage.Contraindicated in prostatic hyperplasia because it can cause acute urinary retention.In addition, by performing a massage, you can spread the infection throughout the prostate and cause sepsis.Massage should not be done if there is cyst formation in the prostate or venous stagnation.To relieve the gland from stagnation, natural drainage during ejaculation is considered the best way.
  • Bladder gymnastics.Treatment consists of a group of special exercises aimed at increasing the tone of the bladder and sphincter muscles.
  • Instillation.Absorption of the drug solution deep into the urethra.This procedure is very painful and often ends in complications.
  • Physiotherapy.Prostate treatment with transrectal ultrasound, electrical stimulation, magnetotherapy and phonophoresis will be beneficial for weak pelvic floor muscle tone.Physiotherapy only brings temporary relief to the patient's condition.A lasting effect can be achieved only after eliminating the cause of prostatitis.
  • Traditional medicinal recipes.Honey with pumpkin seeds, horse chestnut alcohol color and other folk methods are used after consultation with the attending physician.

Surgical treatment of chronic prostatitis

Considering what pathological process causes prostatitis, they usetransurethral resectionprostate gland.This is a modern surgical treatment method that replaces open surgery.An endoscope is used to drain the prostate cyst that has formed, and surgical correction of the seminal vesicles is performed if the outflow of secretions is obstructed.

Treatment of chronic prostatitis -long process, requires patience and perseverance from a man.To prevent illness from taking you by surprise, you need to monitor your health, strengthen your immune system, and treat colds in time.